The record

Forecasts, on the record.

Published forecasts

Our public forecast record begins with the issue of 22 Oct 2026. Each estimate links to its dated question and resolution source.

First class issue of 27 Oct 2026

Forecast window 28 Oct 2026 to 27 Nov 2026 · Three event classes · Sealed issue file

Issue of 25 Oct 2026

25 Oct 2026. This issue introduces the revised estimation method described in Method. It uses the same event data as the issue of 24 Oct 2026, with event records ending on 30 Sep 2026. It also corrects Vietnam’s coverage in the historical data used for estimation. Both issues address the same question for November or December 2026. The figures published on 24 Oct remain unchanged in the Record; differences between the two issues should not be read as a change in risk between publication dates.

206 conflict escalation questions · Forecast open until 31 Dec 2026

CountryChanceStatusQuestion
Afghanistan30% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Albania0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Algeria4.8% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Andorra0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Angola1.5% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Antigua and Barbuda0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Argentina<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Armenia0.6% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Australia0.7% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Austria<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Azerbaijan3.7% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Bahamas<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bahrain<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bangladesh3.2% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Barbados<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Belarus<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Belgium<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Belize0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Benin12% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Bermuda0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bhutan<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bolivia0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bosnia and Herzegovina<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Botswana<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Brazil18% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Brunei<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bulgaria<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Burkina Faso23% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Burundi7.4% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Cabo Verde<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cambodia1.2% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Cameroon15% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Canada<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cayman Islands0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Central African Republic31% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Chad30% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Chile4.1% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
China0.9% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Colombia9.1% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Comoros1.3% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Congo2.6% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Costa Rica<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Croatia0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cuba<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cyprus<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Czechia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Côte d'Ivoire16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Denmark<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Djibouti1.2% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Dominica0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Dominican Republic0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
DR Congo22% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Ecuador21% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Egypt1.3% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
El Salvador0.3% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Equatorial Guinea<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Eritrea2.2% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Estonia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Eswatini<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Ethiopia21% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Fiji<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Finland<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
France<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Gabon<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Gambia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Georgia1.8% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Germany<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Ghana12% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Gibraltar0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Greece<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Greenland0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Grenada0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Guatemala4.5% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Guinea2.2% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Guinea-Bissau0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Guyana<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Haiti27% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Honduras0.6% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Hong Kong0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Hungary<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Iceland<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
India25% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Indonesia10% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Iran27% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Iraq32% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Ireland<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Israel19% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Italy0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Jamaica1.2% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Japan<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Jordan3.1% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Kazakhstan<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Kenya20% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Kiribati0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Kosovo0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Kuwait5.7% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Kyrgyzstan1.5% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Laos0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Latvia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Lebanon23% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Lesotho0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Liberia3.5% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Libya24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Liechtenstein0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Lithuania<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Luxembourg<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Macao0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Madagascar0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Malawi<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Malaysia0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Maldives<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mali15% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Malta<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Marshall Islands0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mauritania<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mauritius<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mexico3.6% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Micronesia0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Moldova0.7% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Monaco0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mongolia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Montenegro<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Morocco0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mozambique25% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Myanmar9.7% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Namibia0.3% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Nauru0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Nepal0.6% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Netherlands<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
New Caledonia0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
New Zealand<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Nicaragua<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Niger30% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Nigeria20% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
North Korea<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
North Macedonia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Norway<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Oman<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Pakistan9.8% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Palau0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Palestine14% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Panama0.7% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Papua New Guinea6.4% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Paraguay<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Peru3.6% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Philippines29% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Poland<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Portugal<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Puerto Rico0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Qatar<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Romania0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Russia16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Rwanda11% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Samoa0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
San Marino0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Saudi Arabia6.9% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Senegal1.9% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Serbia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Seychelles0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Sierra Leone1.2% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Singapore<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Slovakia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Slovenia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Solomon Islands<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Somalia19% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
South Africa21% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
South Korea<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
South Sudan26% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Spain3.0% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Sri Lanka12% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
St Kitts and Nevis0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
St Lucia0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
St Vincent and the Grenadines0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Sudan25% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Suriname<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Sweden4.1% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Switzerland<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Syria23% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
São Tomé and Príncipe0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Taiwan<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tajikistan15% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Tanzania0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Thailand4.1% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Timor-Leste<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Togo0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tonga0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Trinidad and Tobago0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tunisia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Turkmenistan<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tuvalu0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Türkiye26% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Uganda5.3% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Ukraine9.4% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
United Arab Emirates0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
United Kingdom1.3% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
United States17% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Uruguay<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Uzbekistan1.0% · unlikelyPendingNovember or December 2026
Vanuatu0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Vatican City0.5% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Venezuela16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Vietnam<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Western Sahara7.4% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Yemen16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Zambia<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Zimbabwe<0.1% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026

Sealed ledger SHA256 6921551e2d7ad25f1eec39876b90a1357119168020dff613a255817811ea6873

Published probabilities stay unchanged. Outcomes are assessed against dated UCDP records after the forecast window closes. An incomplete source cannot settle a question. Unresolved means the available evidence does not establish whether the event happened.

Outcome record SHA256 23241362ed93c2b20eea41364cb3c38181568c87311fc167587836f1176eacc7

Issue of 24 Oct 2026: A new issue dated 25 Oct 2026 applies a revised estimation method to the same November or December 2026 question, using the same event data. It also corrects Vietnam’s coverage in the historical data used for estimation. See the note under that issue for the comparison limits. The figures in this issue remain as published.

Issue of 24 Oct 2026

206 conflict escalation questions · Forecast open until 31 Dec 2026

Each figure estimates the chance that organised violence on a country's territory, or with its government as an active party, causes at least 25 battle-related deaths in a calendar month and at least twice the monthly average of the preceding three months, in November or December 2026. It does not measure current levels of violence.

CountryChanceStatusQuestion
Afghanistan24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Albania0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Algeria0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Andorra0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Angola0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Antigua and Barbuda0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Argentina0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Armenia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Australia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Austria0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Azerbaijan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bahamas0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bahrain0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bangladesh16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Barbados0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Belarus0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Belgium0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Belize0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Benin16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Bermuda0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bhutan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bolivia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bosnia and Herzegovina0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Botswana0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Brazil24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Brunei0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Bulgaria0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Burkina Faso16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Burundi0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cabo Verde0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cambodia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cameroon24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Canada0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cayman Islands0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Central African Republic16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Chad16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Chile16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
China0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Colombia16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Comoros0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Congo0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Costa Rica0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Croatia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cuba0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Cyprus0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Czechia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Côte d'Ivoire16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Denmark0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Djibouti0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Dominica0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Dominican Republic0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
DR Congo16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Ecuador24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Egypt0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
El Salvador0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Equatorial Guinea0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Eritrea0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Estonia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Eswatini0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Ethiopia16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Fiji0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Finland0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
France0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Gabon0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Gambia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Georgia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Germany0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Ghana16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Gibraltar0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Greece0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Greenland0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Grenada0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Guatemala16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Guinea0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Guinea-Bissau0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Guyana0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Haiti16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Honduras0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Hong Kong0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Hungary0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Iceland0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
India16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Indonesia16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Iran24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Iraq16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Ireland0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Israel16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Italy0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Jamaica0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Japan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Jordan16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Kazakhstan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Kenya16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Kiribati0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Kosovo0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Kuwait16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Kyrgyzstan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Laos0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Latvia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Lebanon16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Lesotho0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Liberia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Libya16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Liechtenstein0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Lithuania0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Luxembourg0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Macao0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Madagascar0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Malawi0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Malaysia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Maldives0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mali16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Malta0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Marshall Islands0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mauritania0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mauritius0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mexico16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Micronesia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Moldova0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Monaco0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mongolia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Montenegro0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Morocco0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Mozambique24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Myanmar16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Namibia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Nauru0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Nepal0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Netherlands0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
New Caledonia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
New Zealand0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Nicaragua0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Niger24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Nigeria16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
North Korea0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
North Macedonia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Norway0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Oman0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Pakistan16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Palau0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Palestine16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Panama0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Papua New Guinea16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Paraguay0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Peru16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Philippines16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Poland0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Portugal0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Puerto Rico0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Qatar0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Romania0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Russia16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Rwanda0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Samoa0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
San Marino0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Saudi Arabia16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Senegal0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Serbia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Seychelles0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Sierra Leone0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Singapore0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Slovakia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Slovenia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Solomon Islands0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Somalia16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
South Africa24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
South Korea0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
South Sudan24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
Spain16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Sri Lanka16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
St Kitts and Nevis0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
St Lucia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
St Vincent and the Grenadines0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Sudan16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Suriname0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Sweden16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Switzerland0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Syria24% · real chancePendingNovember or December 2026
São Tomé and Príncipe0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Taiwan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tajikistan16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Tanzania0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Thailand16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Timor-Leste0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Togo0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tonga0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Trinidad and Tobago0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tunisia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Turkmenistan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Tuvalu0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Türkiye16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Uganda0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Ukraine16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
United Arab Emirates0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
United Kingdom0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
United States16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Uruguay0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Uzbekistan0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Vanuatu0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Vatican City0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Venezuela16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Vietnam0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Western Sahara0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Yemen16% · possiblePendingNovember or December 2026
Zambia0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026
Zimbabwe0.8% · remotePendingNovember or December 2026

Sealed ledger SHA256 c31baeb3901c5443b74aaeee6666b32c05748814f95bc5ccf2fb7c9659370852

Estimates use historical frequencies grouped by the average monthly deaths in July–September 2026, with Jeffreys smoothing. The new model did not meet the admission criteria set before the retrospective test, so the pre-specified fallback selection rule was applied. The band-frequency method was selected using 2018–2025 data, and these estimates will be evaluated against the outcomes of November and December 2026. Countries in the same recent-death band receive the same estimate. Different bands can have similar historical escalation rates. These estimates concern an increase relative to each country's recent level of violence.

Published probabilities stay unchanged. Outcomes are assessed against dated UCDP records after the forecast window closes. An incomplete source cannot settle a question. Unresolved means the available evidence does not establish whether the event happened.

Outcome record SHA256 b2fe652c153b2ad1cf540c4610b9f1c0b67c77ee6b49682323aadfefa002fbcd

Issue of 22 Oct 2026

The issue of 22 Oct 2026 used the method in place at the time; from 24 Oct 2026, estimates use the historical escalation rate for each country’s recent-death band, as explained in Method. The two issues address different dated questions over partly overlapping periods, so their figures should not be read as a change in risk between publication dates.

206 conflict escalation questions · Forecast open until 21 Nov 2026

Each figure is the chance that fighting involving the country jumps to at least 25 deaths and twice its recent monthly level in October or November 2026. It is not a measure of how violent the country is today.

CountryChanceStatusQuestion
Afghanistan8.5% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Albania<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Algeria<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Andorra<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Angola1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Antigua and Barbuda<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Argentina4.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Armenia0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Australia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Austria<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Azerbaijan0.9% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bahamas<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bahrain<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bangladesh1.8% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Barbados<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Belarus<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Belgium<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Belize<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Benin0.8% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bermuda<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bhutan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bolivia0.6% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bosnia and Herzegovina0.6% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Botswana<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Brazil0.8% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Brunei<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Bulgaria<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Burkina Faso1.8% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Burundi2.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Cabo Verde<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Cambodia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Cameroon2.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Canada<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Cayman Islands<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Central African Republic2.5% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Chad2.2% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Chile<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
China<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Colombia2.2% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Comoros<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Congo0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Costa Rica<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Croatia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Cuba1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Cyprus<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Czechia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Côte d'Ivoire<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Denmark<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Djibouti<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Dominica<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Dominican Republic<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
DR Congo1.9% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Ecuador1.7% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Egypt0.2% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
El Salvador<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Equatorial Guinea0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Eritrea0.6% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Estonia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Eswatini0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Ethiopia7.0% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Fiji<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Finland<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
France<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Gabon<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Gambia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Georgia1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Germany<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Ghana<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Gibraltar<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Greece<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Greenland<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Grenada<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Guatemala0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Guinea0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Guinea-Bissau0.6% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Guyana<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Haiti4.4% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Honduras1.8% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Hong Kong<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Hungary<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Iceland<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
India0.9% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Indonesia1.3% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Iran13% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Iraq2.4% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Ireland<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Israel1.3% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Italy0.6% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Jamaica<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Japan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Jordan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Kazakhstan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Kenya1.2% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Kiribati0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Kosovo<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Kuwait<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Kyrgyzstan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Laos1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Latvia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Lebanon13% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Lesotho0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Liberia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Libya1.8% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Liechtenstein<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Lithuania<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Luxembourg<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Macao<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Madagascar0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Malawi0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Malaysia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Maldives0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Mali9.5% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Malta<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Marshall Islands<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Mauritania<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Mauritius<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Mexico0.8% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Micronesia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Moldova1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Monaco<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Mongolia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Montenegro<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Morocco<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Mozambique2.7% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Myanmar4.5% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Namibia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Nauru<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Nepal<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Netherlands<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
New Caledonia0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
New Zealand<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Nicaragua0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Niger2.5% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Nigeria0.8% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
North Korea1.6% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
North Macedonia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Norway<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Oman<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Pakistan4.5% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Palau<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Palestine4.4% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Panama<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Papua New Guinea1.3% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Paraguay<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Peru1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Philippines0.8% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Poland<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Portugal<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Puerto Rico0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Qatar0.6% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Romania<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Russia1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Rwanda0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Samoa<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
San Marino<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Saudi Arabia0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Senegal1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Serbia1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Seychelles<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Sierra Leone0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Singapore<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Slovakia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Slovenia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Solomon Islands<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Somalia5.0% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
South Africa<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
South Korea<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
South Sudan5.0% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Spain<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Sri Lanka<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
St Kitts and Nevis<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
St Lucia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
St Vincent and the Grenadines<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Sudan6.6% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Suriname<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Sweden<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Switzerland<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Syria8.5% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
São Tomé and Príncipe<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Taiwan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Tajikistan0.9% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Tanzania1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Thailand1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Timor-Leste<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Togo1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Tonga<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Trinidad and Tobago<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Tunisia1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Turkmenistan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Tuvalu<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Türkiye1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Uganda1.1% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
Ukraine4.3% · unlikelyPendingOctober or November 2026
United Arab Emirates<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
United Kingdom<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
United States<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Uruguay<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Uzbekistan<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Vanuatu<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Vatican City<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Venezuela13% · possiblePendingOctober or November 2026
Vietnam<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Western Sahara0.5% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Yemen21% · real chancePendingOctober or November 2026
Zambia<0.1% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026
Zimbabwe0.4% · remotePendingOctober or November 2026

Published probabilities stay unchanged. Outcomes are assessed against dated UCDP records after the forecast window closes. An incomplete source cannot settle a question. Unresolved means the available evidence does not establish whether the event happened.

Outcome record SHA256 349be791aa77aa4d2792e875d637fb72afc0ef7b00b8feda6f30996366f297e3

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CassandrIA A free public observatory of country pressure

CassandrIA, country pressure and conflict escalation forecasts