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China

China has a Strain pressure reading, in the highest quarter.

🟠 Strain

78 / 100

#14 of 206

Chance of a conflict escalation in China in November or December 2026: 0.9% · remote

Chance of a conflict escalation in China in November or December 2026

Government attribution notice published 26 October 2026

What counts
In November or December 2026, organised violence on the territory of China, or with China as an active party, must cause at least 25 battle-related deaths in a calendar month and at least twice the monthly average of the preceding three months. A conflict continuing at a steady high intensity does not meet this escalation threshold.
Months measured
the whole of November 2026 and the whole of December 2026.
Decided by
UCDP Candidate Events data (Uppsala Conflict Data Program), best estimate of battle-related deaths, monthly release. The question will be resolved by 5 Feb 2027 if the required UCDP data are available.
Resolution convention
For records spanning calendar months, deaths are allocated in proportion to inclusive calendar days. Events not assigned to a territory under the frozen UCDP place table are excluded from both the target month's total and the average of its preceding three months. Active party means the country's government is coded as a side by UCDP. Certain active-party attribution is retained, and each event is counted once per country.
Published
25 Oct 2026
Our estimate
0.9% · remote
If data are unavailable
If the required UCDP data are unavailable by 5 Feb 2027, the question is recorded as Unresolved.

Earlier issues in the forecast record

22 Oct 2026 · October or November 2026

24 Oct 2026 · November or December 2026

Population1.4B
CapitalBeijing
Area9.7M km²
GDP$19.5T (2025)
CurrencyCNY
LanguagesChinese
Armed forces2.5M (2020)
L1 Identity
n/a · identity, no pressure reading
L2 Economy
46.92
L3 Politics
85.82
L4 Events
24
L5 Information
74.68
L6 Society
29

Layer readings: method v1.1, from each layer's documented record, same 0-100 scale as country score. Snapshot 28 Oct 2026.

Since 1946

Highest decade mean 95 (1946-1949); lowest 61.2 (1990s).

Details

Recorded events 80 · Country record

  • 24 Nov 2022street pressure
  • 20 Oct 2019street pressure
  • 2 Aug 2019street pressure
  • 3 Jul 2019street pressure
  • 28 Apr 2019street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2018street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2015street pressure
  • 1 Feb 2015street pressure
  • 22 Sep 2014street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2014street pressure
  • 4 Jun 2014street pressure
  • 14 Apr 2014street pressure
Show all 80
  • 2 Mar 2014street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2013street pressure
  • 1 Jan 2013street pressure
  • 13 Oct 2012street pressure
  • 1 Sep 2012street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2012street pressure
  • 14 Aug 2011street pressure
  • 3 Sep 2009street pressure
  • Jul 2009conflict escalation
  • 2009sovereign stress
  • 17 Nov 2008street pressure
  • 3 Sep 2008street pressure
  • Mar 2008conflict escalation
  • 28 Feb 2008street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2007street pressure
  • 9 Mar 2007street pressure
  • 23 Oct 2006street pressure
  • 13 Jun 2006street pressure
  • 4 Dec 2005street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2005street pressure
  • 27 Sep 2004street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2004street pressure
  • 4 Jun 2004street pressure
  • 11 Apr 2004street pressure
  • 1 Jan 2004street pressure
  • 1 Jul 2003street pressure
  • 4 Jun 2003street pressure
  • 27 Apr 2003street pressure
  • 2 Mar 2002street pressure
  • 4 Jun 2001street pressure
  • 17 Aug 2000street pressure
  • 13 Jul 2000street pressure
  • 4 Jun 2000street pressure
  • 27 Feb 2000street pressure
  • 4 Jun 1999street pressure
  • 25 Apr 1999street pressure
  • 4 Jun 1998street pressure
  • 4 Jul 1997street pressure
  • 1995sovereign stress
  • 1994currency stress
  • 10 Aug 1992street pressure
  • 1990currency stress
  • 1988conflict escalation
  • 1 Jan 1987capital controls
  • 1987conflict escalation
  • 1986conflict escalation
  • 1985currency stress
  • 1984conflict escalation
  • 1983conflict escalation
  • 1981conflict escalation
  • 1980conflict escalation
  • 1979conflict escalation
  • 1978conflict escalation
  • 1974conflict escalation
  • 1969conflict escalation
  • 1967conflict escalation
  • 1962conflict escalation
  • 1960sovereign stress
  • 1959conflict escalation
  • 1958conflict escalation
  • 1956conflict escalation
  • 1954conflict escalation
  • 1950conflict escalation
  • 21 Jan 1949leadership break
  • 1949conflict escalation
  • 1948conflict escalation
  • 1947conflict escalation
  • 1946conflict escalation

public country snapshot archive, frozen 10 July 2026. The chart shows mapped historical scores through 2025, with bands at 55, 65 and 80. The 2026 snapshot uses a separate score scale. Its archived crisis category is independent of that number. No numerical change from 2025 to 2026 is implied.

China · historical scale through 2025
YearMapped historical scoreHistorical bandRecord
194695.0Crisisarchive reading
194795.0Crisisarchive reading
194895.0Crisisarchive reading
194995.0Crisisarchive reading
195094.9Crisisarchive reading
195195.0Crisisarchive reading
195295.0Crisisarchive reading
195380.3Crisisarchive reading
195495.0Crisisarchive reading
195568.5Strainarchive reading
195685.9Crisisarchive reading
195768.3Strainarchive reading
195885.8Crisisarchive reading
195995.0Crisisarchive reading
196089.8Crisisarchive reading
196189.7Crisisarchive reading
196290.1Crisisarchive reading
196377.7Strainarchive reading
196477.2Strainarchive reading
196577.0Strainarchive reading
196678.1Strainarchive reading
196777.9Strainarchive reading
196889.4Crisisarchive reading
196977.8Strainarchive reading
197077.2Strainarchive reading
197177.2Strainarchive reading
197288.9Crisisarchive reading
197376.6Strainarchive reading
197476.8Strainarchive reading
197588.5Crisisarchive reading
197692.7Crisisarchive reading
197775.7Strainarchive reading
197875.3Strainarchive reading
197986.4Crisisarchive reading
198074.0Strainarchive reading
198174.0Strainarchive reading
198272.4Strainarchive reading
198373.9Strainarchive reading
198473.8Strainarchive reading
198572.1Strainarchive reading
198673.6Strainarchive reading
198773.5Strainarchive reading
198865.9Strainarchive reading
198983.7Crisisarchive reading
199058.2Watcharchive reading
199162.2Watcharchive reading
199261.6Watcharchive reading
199362.7Watcharchive reading
199461.1Watcharchive reading
199571.4Strainarchive reading
199659.3Watcharchive reading
199756.6Watcharchive reading
199862.1Watcharchive reading
199956.5Watcharchive reading
200064.8Watcharchive reading
200163.1Watcharchive reading
200258.6Watcharchive reading
200359.5Watcharchive reading
200462.2Watcharchive reading
200559.9Watcharchive reading
200670.8Strainarchive reading
200758.2Watcharchive reading
200874.4Strainarchive reading
200973.1Strainarchive reading
201067.2Strainarchive reading
201180.9Crisisarchive reading
201273.4Strainarchive reading
201368.4Strainarchive reading
201484.4Crisisarchive reading
201563.6Watcharchive reading
201683.1Crisisarchive reading
201762.5Watcharchive reading
201868.7Strainarchive reading
201990.2Crisisarchive reading
202075.7Strainarchive reading
202166.9Strainarchive reading
202267.6Strainarchive reading
202361.3Watcharchive reading
202455.5Watcharchive reading
202555.2Watcharchive reading
China · 2026 snapshot, frozen 10 July 2026
Snapshot yearScore on the separate 2026 scaleIndependent archived crisis categoryRecord
202678Calmarchive reading

Pressure points

6 points

Point snapshot:

Details
demand

Soybeans: export supply

Point snapshot:

Country stress mapped to an import demand link.

Point score: 34.2 elevated · softer demand pressure

Brazil · China

armed conflict activity · humanitarian pressure · information disruption · protest activity

supply

Crude oil: export supply

Point snapshot:

Country stress mapped to an export supply link.

Point score: 11.1 low · upward pressure

India · Iran · Nigeria · Mexico · Russia · China · Venezuela

armed conflict activity · humanitarian pressure · information disruption · protest activity

equity

China: local market stress

Point snapshot:

Country stress mapped to a local market.

Point score: 4.4 low · pressure on local assets

China

humanitarian pressure · information disruption

demand

Copper: mine supply

Point snapshot:

Country stress mapped to an import demand link.

Point score: 3.6 low · softer demand pressure

China · DR Congo

humanitarian pressure · information disruption

supply

Rare Earths: mine supply

Point snapshot:

Country stress mapped to an export supply link.

Point score: 3.1 low · upward pressure

China

humanitarian pressure · information disruption

demand

Semiconductors: manufacturing capacity

Point snapshot:

Country stress mapped to an import demand link.

Point score: 1.3 low · softer demand pressure

China

humanitarian pressure · information disruption

Years like now

3 similar years · Closest: Iraq, 1955

Details

IRQ, 1955

Published archive distance 0.2127. This similarity is not a forecast.

PSE, 1998

Published archive distance 0.2228. This similarity is not a forecast.

CYP, 1981

Published archive distance 0.2365. This similarity is not a forecast.

Last cycles

Last change: 28 Oct 2026, 2 fields.

Details
Country change history for China
CycleDateFields changedLayer distance from baselineRecord
date unavailable2026-10-282Identity: 0 · Economy: 2 · Politics: 0 · Events: 0 · Information: 0 · Society: 0Original public record
17 Oct 20262026-10-171Identity: 0 · Economy: 1 · Politics: 0 · Events: 0 · Information: 0 · Society: 0Original public record
6 Oct 20262026-10-060Identity: 0 · Economy: 0 · Politics: 0 · Events: 0 · Information: 0 · Society: 0Original public record
🟢 Calm <55🟡 Watch 55-<65🟠 Strain 65-<80🔴 Crisis 80-100

Snapshot 28 Oct 2026 · Public country snapshot · Data notices

Technical detail

Field sources carry their own dates (shown in each detail).

Record support

How well documented each layer of this country's record is (share of confirmed and sourced fields). Not a pressure reading.

L1 Identity60%
L2 Economy60%
L3 Politics57%
L4 Events42%
L5 Information73%
L6 Society67%

Source: Hendeka record audit, snapshot 28 Oct 2026

Phase 3Confidence 59.1

China in this snapshot

China (CHN) records Strain pressure at 78.0 of 100 and touches 6 mapped pressure points.

The recorded country pattern is drifting; its numbered pressure band is 3. The source confidence score is 59.1.

Snapshot 28 Oct 2026. Dataset published 2026-11-05T08:17:49Z. Source: public country snapshot public country index.

5 public layer readings; 6 mapped pressure points in this dated snapshot; 3 country change records; 81 archive readings. Identity is descriptive; absent readings are named beside each layer.

China has pressure score 78/100 in Strain. 13 of 206 public Atlas entries have a higher score; 5 share this score. Its competition rank is 14. This is the published snapshot, not the mapped historical scale.

Adjacent entries in score-descending order (ties by case-folded name, then ISO3): Argentina (ARG), 78/100, tied; Israel (ISR), 78/100, tied.

China's highest decade mean is recorded in 1946-1949 (4 readings, mean 95). The lowest is 1990-1999 (10 readings, mean 61.2). Calendar decades use available years only; edge decades are partial. These means are calculated from published mapped scores, not the latest pressure scores.

China: published archive aggregates by calendar decade
Observed yearsReadingsMeanMinimumMaximumAt or above 80
1946-194949595954
1950-19591086.468.3958
1960-19691082.57790.14
1970-19791081.575.392.74
1980-19891073.765.983.71
1990-19991061.256.571.40
2000-20091064.558.274.40
2010-20191074.262.590.24
2020-2025663.755.275.70

Across 80 annual readings (1946-2025), China's mapped-score peak is 95 in 1946-1949, 1951-1952, 1954, 1959; the minimum is 55.2 in 2025.

Every published year for China, 1946-2025, is at or above the historical threshold 55: 80 of 80 readings.

China is at or above the historical threshold 65 in 59 of 80 readings: 1946-1989, 1995, 2006, 2008-2014, 2016, 2018-2022. The remaining 21 are below 65.

China is at or above the historical threshold 80 in 25 of 80 readings: 1946-1954, 1956, 1958-1962, 1968, 1972, 1975-1976, 1979, 1989, 2011, 2014, 2016, 2019. The remaining 55 are below 80.

The latest observed annual historical-band change for China is 2022 to 2023: Strain (67.6) to Watch (61.3). This compares annual historical readings; it does not describe a change between published country snapshots.

China records 2 changed fields against the previous measured cycle at date unavailable (2026-10-28); previous cycle: 17 Oct 2026. Layer counts are distances from baseline, not cycle-change components.

Pressure point readings and their own snapshot date are shown in Pressure points.

CassandrIA A free public observatory of country pressure

CassandrIA, country pressure and conflict escalation forecasts